Calculating-machine.



BEST AVAILABlF F W. W. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILVIIJDJJUNE is, 1908.

Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

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W. W. HOPKINS.

GALGULATING -MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1a, 1908.

1,069,953., Patented Aug. 12,1913.

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BEST AVAILABLE COP.

W. HOPKINS. "CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE1B,1908.

1,069,953, Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

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W. W. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, 190B.

Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

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BEST AVAILABLE COP.

W. W. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, 190B.

Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

E8? AVAILABLE COP,

W. W. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION/FILED JUNE 18E 1908.

1,069,953, Patented Aug. 12,1918.

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W. W. HOPKINS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 18, 1908.

1,069,953. Patented Aug. 12, 1913.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

25227266565. Jaw/2207:

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BEST AVARLABLE COP.

W. W. HOPKINS. QALCU'LATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNBIB, 1908.

Patented Aug". 12, 1913.

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BEST AVAILABLE so?- w. W. HOPKINS.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE18,1908- I Patented Aug. 1 2, 1913 1o SHEETS-SHEET 10,

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

WILLIAM W. HOPKINS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A SSIGNOR T0 MOON-HOPKINS BILLING MACHINE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A. CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lVILLIAu W'. Hor- KINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompany ing drawings, formlng part of this specification, in which Figure l is a side elevational view, the near side wall of the casing being removed to more clearly illustrate the working parts of the machine; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal view through the machine; Fig. 2 isa detail view of one of the type carriers and its associate parts; Fig. 3 is a rear elevational view of the machine, the rear wall being cut away to more clearly show the interior mechanism; Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the plan of the key board; Fig. 5 is a side 'elevational view of the total key mechanism; Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the total key depressed; Fig. 5" is a similar view showing the position of certain parts in retainingthe total in the machine; Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the position of the parts when the total key is released after the handle ha reached 'its home position; Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line dd Fig. 5; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is a side eleva- ,tional view of the carrying mechanism; Fig. 10 is a front view of the same; Fig. 11 is a side elevational view of the carrying mechanism in its carrying position; Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the line 1212 of Fig. 10; Fig. 13 is a side'elevational View of the escapement mechanism and the traveling carriage; Fig. 14 is a similar view showing the parts in a different position; Fig. 15 is a sectional view on the line 1515 of Fig. 13; Fig. 16 is a sectional view on the line 1616 of Fig. 14; 17 is a conventional illustration of the carrying mechanism; Fig.

18 is a detail view of the repeat key and its connections; and Fig. 18" is a plan view of the connection between the power shaft 57 and the. rotatable hub 126 shown in Fig. 18;

Fig. 19 is a detail view of the full stroke mechanism of the power shaft; Fig. 20 is an elevational view, as seen from the front of the swinging frame and its traveling carriage, the stop-pin-restoring plate 26 being broken away to more clearly illustrate the traveling carriage; and Fig. 21 is a detail view of the traveling stop carriage and its associate parts.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in calculating machines,

. the object being to simplify the construction of machines of this character, cheapen the cost of manufacture by having practically all of the moving parts of the machine of stamped metal,-and to provide means whereby the moving parts of the machine, in their active movements, are positive.

With these objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the several parts of the.

machine all as will be hereinafter described and afterward pointed out in the claims.

T he frame and casing.1n the drawings, 1 indicates the base of the machine, which is preferablyin the form of a casting, from which rise two side frame plates 2 connected together by suitable cross bars, and which frame plates afford bearings for the cross shafts of the machine.

3 is the rear portion of the casing, and 4. the front portion thereof, the casing being divided vertically and the parts being fitted together by a rabbeted joint (see Fig.

4.) The front section of the casing is provided with a shelf 5 used to support cheeks, bills, etc. to be added.

The paper carriage-6 indicates a track secured to the rear section 3, and on which is slidingly mounted the frame 7 of the laterally adjustable carriage see Fig. 2. In this carriage is a rotating platen 8 provided with the usual ratchet and pawl mechanism whereby it may be rotated manually or mechanically.

9 indicates a bail mounted on the carriage frame, which bail coiiperates with a pa er-feeding pawl 9, see Fi 2 and alsb with a bar 10, see Fig. 3 w ich bar cooperates at its lower end with a lever 11 whose forward end is arranged over the dash pot 12 used to cushion the-stroke of the machine. Every time the operating handle is pulled the dash pot is raised, and, coming BEST AVAILABLE C in contact with the lever 11,- operates the paper-feeding mechanism to line-space the different items.

13- indicates a bracket in vwhich may be mounted a" roll of paper whereby the items maybe printed and added together on a narrow strip. Widesheets 'of paper, however, may be introduced into the paper carriage. whereby parallel columns may be printed upon the same sheet.-

The carriage is normally locked in position b means of aspringressed pin lfl (see Fig. 3), which extends t rough the top of the casing and into one of the series of notches in the bottom bar of the carriage, This pin 14 may be operated by a lever 15 which extends out through the casing. Rais- .ing the protruding end of lever 15 depresses the pin 14 and enables the carriage to be adjusted laterally by hand to the desired position, or approximately thereto, after which the lever 15 is released and thelpin l t'permitted to engage oneof the notches to lock the carriage against displacement. v

The inking ribbon shown in the drawings may be arranged on spools and fed in the usual way past appropriate guides'between the printing type and the paper in the paper carriage. The construction shown is illustrated in United. States Letters Patent No. 860,297, granted to me July 16, 1907, and therefore need not be described in detail here.

The keg -board.'lhe key-board consists of ten digit keys being numbered from'l to 9, the zero key, together with a total key an error key, and a repeat key (if repeating operation is desired). Each of the digit keys consists of a head on the end of the key bar 16, said-key bar being pivoted on a rod 17. The rearend of each key bar is provided with a lateral projection or pin 18 which cooperates with a push lever 19. These push levers, as I have termed them' (there is one'for each digit key including are pivotally mounted on a shaft 20 and connected to their 'compleme'ntary'key bars respectively *by aspring 21, which spring not only serves to hold the push bar inits normal position but also the key bar. Each push bar is provided at its upper extremity with a forwardly extending push finger for setting'up' the stop pins in the traveling carriage. The push fingers are in vertical alinement, as shown, and uppermost-finger being -identified with the 8 digit key, the lowerimost with the 0 digit key, the intermedi:

ate fingers being identified with the other" 7 digit: keys from 1 to-Y inclusive in a progressive order, the 1 being'the push finger next to the zero-key at the bottom.

The traveling stop carriage.22 indicates a shaft mounted in suitable brackets extending up from the base 1, which shaft constitutes a track on which the traveling carriage is supported and runs,.and also a pivotf rod-for a frame 23 (see Fig. 5). This frame 23 is connected together by transversely arranged shafts and bars, but for the p'resent: I will refer only to two of these cross bars 24 which serve to supportand guide the up- .per portion of the traveling carriage.

25 indicates stop pins arranged in the traveling'carriage in vertical series, said stop pins, for simplicity of manufacture, bein' connected together in pairs by U-shape springs which exert their energies expansively so that when the stop they are held there by friction againstaccidental disp1acement, and when said stop ins are pushed forwardly by one ofthe plush ngers the springs act expansively to old said sto pins in their forward position.

25 indicates the U-shaped spring above of'a wire or flat leaf spring, its ends preferably being bent so as to form eyes whereby sai spring may be pivotally connected to a pair of stop pins. -.A pair of pins isilluspins are home' referred to, which spring may be in the form trated, both of said pins being retracted.

When one of the pins is pushed forwardly the spring 25" is not only acting expansively to hold the projected pin of the pair forward, but is exerting the same amount of pressure in holding the other pin of the pair in its retracted position. The contiguous edges of the pair of pins are free to'move without frictional contact with each other, and consequently the movement of one pin cannot possibly, so far asfrictiofial contact is concerned, exert any tendency to move its stop ins to be forced rearwardly .tov their home position when the carriage is restored. In restoring the carriage it is'necessary to move it to the right slightly beyond its home or starting position so as to insure the restoration of the stop pins in the lefthand series. 1

27 indicates a toothed bar secured to the carriage, to which bar is connected a spring 28 by which the carriage is moved leftwardly. An escapement mechanism controls the movement of the carriage from right to left, and this consists (see Figs. 4 and 13 to 16) of a bar 29 slidingly mounted' in one of the side pieces of the frame '23 BEST AVAILABLE COP. 1,069,953

and comiected to the upper member of a bell crank lever 30 (see Fig. l). The forwardly extending member of this bell crank lever carries a bar. 31 which lies under the digit keys so that whenever one of said digit keys (including the zero key) is depressed, the bell crank lever is operated and the bar 29 vibrated. Bar 29 isprovided with a notch 32 which normally registers with the teeth of bar 27 (see Fig. 13). A pivoted escapement pawl' 33 is mounted on the bar 29, the lower end of this escapement pawl being arranged opposite the notch 32, and consequently said escapement pawl is normally in engagement with the ratchet-like teeth of bar 27. A fiat leaf spring 34 bears on the top fiat face of pawl 33 and tends to hold the lower end of said pawl away from the bar 29, as shown in Fig. 16. p

The parts normally lie in the position shown in Figs. 1-3 and 15,'and when one of the digit keys, including the zero key, is operated the bar 29 is moved to the position shown in Figs. Y14 and 16, in which the escapement pawl 33 is permitted to move away from the bar 29 in readiness to engage the next adjacent tooth of bar 27. The bar 29, however, holds the traveling carriage stationary during the depressing movementof the key, sothat the push finger will operate with the stop pin and fully set up' said stop pin. Then the key is released, however, the bar 29 is restored home and the escapement pawl engages the next tooth. The traveling carriage then takes its step to the left, advancing the stop pin of the first series in line with the type carrier identified with the units column. The next operation of one of the digit keys will, upon depressing movementof the key, set up an- ,other stop pin, andupon the releasing movement of said key advance the carriage another step to the left, placing the stop .pin in the first row in line with the tens type carrier and the stop pin of the second row, the one last set up, in line with the unitstype carrier. In this manner each successively operated key advances the stop carriage one step to the left.

The type carriers consist of bars 35 which are guided vertically by appropriately slotted cross bars, said type carrying bars being provided with rearwardly extending shoulders 36. 37 indicates a hinged plate hinged to the stop carriage .(see Figs. 2, 4' and which lies over all of the shoulders 36 when the stop carriage is home. When, however, a digit. key is depressed and the carriage moves one step to the left the plate 37 is moved with it, and such movement releases the units type carrier. The next'step of the carriage to the left upon the-operation of another ke will cause said plate to release the next a' jacent ort'enai type carrier, this progressive release of the type carriers continuing successively upon the operation of each key as the type carriers are brought under control of a positioned stop.

The means for restoring the stop carriage consists of an arm 38 (see Fig. 4) carrying a tappet 39 at its rear end, which tappet engages a block.40 on the end of the toothed bar 27. The sweep of the restoring arm must of course be great enough to include the block 40 in the various positions of the carriage up to the full capacity of the machine. The operating handle causes this pivotally mounted restoring arm 38 to swing to the left on the forward movement of the handle, tappet 39 passing the block 40 without disturbingthe position of the carriage, and then when the handle is returned to its normal position the tappet, in its sweep, engages the block 40 and moves the carriage 5 to the right past its home position (so that the plate 26 will restore all of the stop pins), the tappet eventually passing beyond the block 40 as shown in Fig. 4, permitting the carriage, under the influence of its spring 28,

to move to its normal home position which is established by the first tooth of the bar 2f'engaging the escapement pawl 33.

The type c'a-rm'ers.As shown in Fig. 2'

each type carrier consists of a bar 35 and its shouldered stop 36, heretofore described, which stop is preferably bent at'its extremity so as to lncrease the bearing surface which is designed to come in contactiwith the positioned stop pin in its path of move:

ment, which stop pin arrests the type 'carrier in its proper position; At the end of each type carrier are the printing type 41 which, as shown in Fig. 2, consist of sepa.- rately movable type normally held retracted by suitable springs, the uppermost row of, type, carrying the zero printing characters, being in the printing line opposite tim platen 8.

The inking ribbon, as shown in Fig. 2, is, when the operating handle is home, drop below the printing line, but when the handle is moved after an item has been set up on the key board, this inking ribbon is raised to the printing line in front of the type to be struck by the printing hammers. As before stated, this forms part of my before men- .t-ioned patent and I do not deem it necessary to describe the means for accomplishing this result in this application. In addition to the printing type, each type carrier carries a freely-rotatable totalizer wheel 42, said totalizer wheel being provided with one wide tooth or a tripping prm jection 43. Each type carrier is also pro vided-with a tripping pawl 44. The 'funcr' 4 tion of this pawl is to provide a stop for the tripping projection in the reverse rotation of the wheel in takings total, and also to effectthe terr'ying. irgmjone rack bar 139-;

next adjacent rack bar ofhigher order.

The type carriers are also provided with detents 45 pivotally mounted thereon, the

tooth on the free end of which is normally held against the totalizer wheel 42 by means of a light spring 46.

47 indicates a projection extending rearwardly from the detent in the path of a rack. When the frame 23 in which the racks are mounted is moved rearwardly, the detents are permitted to engage the totalizer wheels and prevent rotation of said wheels .while out of engagement with the racks. \Vhen, however, the frame 23 is rocked forwardly so as to engage the racks with the totaliz-er wheels the detents are coincident-1y disengaged from the said totalizer wheels. The racks are stationary except for the one tooth displacement incident to carrying, and consequently the racks serve to lock the to talizer wheels a ainst accidental rotation, or to rotate said w eels a distance of one tooth in carrying during the time that the detent 45 is out of engagement with the wheels. At all other times when the racks are out of engagement with the wheels the detent locks said wheels against displacement.

The type carrying bars are provided with pins or projections 48 under which are located the free ends of lifting bars 49 pivoted in the grooves of a sleeve loosely mounted upon a shaft 50 and connected to a spring 51 w ich tends at all times to raise said bars and their carried type carriers.

The type carriers are restored to their normal or lowered position by means of a bar 52 operating above stop shoulders 36, said bar being mounted between arms 53 fixed to the shaft 50. 'Shaft 50 is provided with a' rock arm 54 (see Fig. 1) having a roller 55 at its free ends extending into the cam slot of a cam 56. This cam plate 56 is mounted on a-power shaft 57 operated in this instance by an operating handle 58.

The operating handle 'zmd its connectiona.--The operating handle 58 may of coursebe dispensed with and a motor connected to the power shaft to drive the same in any of the wellknown ways. I am not so concerned in this application with mechanical means for driving the power shaft, and

have therefore illustrated the manually operable handle 58. The power shaft 57 in addition to carrying the cam late 56, whose cam slot' operates the restorm bar of the type carriers also operates e carriagerestoring sweep arm in the following manner: A rock arm 5? (see Fig.1) has a slot and in connection with a link 60, which .eolink see Fig; 4) is connected to a universal link 61 in turn connectedto .the plate 61' on the lower end of the'hub of-the sweep arm 38; Thus, whenever the power shaft is operated the swee arm 38 is also operated.

The power she is provided with a rock BEST AVAILABLE COP.

connected to said shaft has caused the same 70 'to be rocked forward. A rock arm 62 is also fixed to said shaft (see Fig. 2) which has a'slot and'pin connection with a lever 63 on which is mounted the dash pot 12. Whenever the power shaft is operated lever 63 is raised, raising with it the dash pot whose plunger is on a piston rod pivotally mounted on one of the transverse shafts extending between the upper ends of the side frame plates 2, as'shown in Fig. 3. The power shaft is also providedwith a rock arm 64 which has a slot and pin connection with a link 65 connected to a rock arm 66 identified with the mechanism for releasing and restoring the printing hammers. The operating handle 58 is secured to the power shaft by means of a screw bolt having a milled head 67 (see Fig. 3). In this manner the handle may be removed from the shaft when it is desired to remove the casing as is well known in adding machine-constructions.

T he printing mecham'sm.-The hammers 68 for effecting a printing impression through the medium of the printing type may be of any desired form and operated by any appropriate mechanism; but I have shown these type hammers in the accompanying drawin s as being the same as those illustrated in %nited States application filed 100 by Hubert Hopkins oh or about April 9, 1906, Serial No. 310,739, and illustrated in Belgian Patent No. 202,081, dated Au 21, 1907, said hammers being controll bymechanism the same as that disclosed in said 105 application and atent with the exception of the primary re easing pawl 69, whose upper end is held in the cam-faced notch in the type carrier by means of a spring 70 (see Fig. 2) The 'springs 70 are absent from the structures illustrated in said applicationand patent.

The cawying mechanism-70 and 71 are crossbars mounted in the frame 23, bar 70 being preferably round and grooved to provide a spaced bearing for the racks and their associate carrying plates, while the bar 71 is preferably rectangular, and has attached to' its upper side a comb plate 72 which acts as a guide for the racks and their associate car- ,1 rying plates. I

73 indicates the racks, as shown in Figs.

9 and 11 which are provided with bifurcated ends to slidingly engage the bars 70 and 71,

s id sliding engagement being necessary to .Fig. 17 which is pivotally. and slidingly mounted on the bar 70, the upper end of BEST AVAILABLE COP;

tion of such character that the carrying plate is permitted to be tilted rearwardly independentlyof the rack bar, moving about the bar 70 as its axis, until its shoulder 75 passes from under the bar 71, in which event a spring 76 connected to the rack bar raises said rack bar and its tilted carrying plate a distance equal to one tooth. The carrying plate is of course tilted by the tripping projection on the next adjacent totalizer wheel of lower order, which tripping projection efiects the carrying in passing from 9 to 0 (note left-hand side Fig. 17).

The tripping pawl 44 is the medium through which the tripping projection on the next adjacent wheel or lower order acts in tilting the carrying plate and permitting it and the rack .to rise in carrying. The tripping pawl i i may operate upon the'forward face of the carrying plate at any point throughout the travel of said tripping pawl along said face. Should the tripping pawl be near the upper end ofthe carrying plate when it is operated by the tripping projection on the next adjacent wheel of lower order, it is obvious that but little power .is required to tiltthe carrying plate. It the tripping pawl is operated when in its home or near its home position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, its relation to .the pivot rod on which the tilting plates move is such that considerable more power would be required to operate the plate under such circumstances than was required when the tripping pawl was near the upper end of the plate, as above explained. I have provided means to obviate the necessity for this disproportioned power, which means is in the form of an equalizer whereby the ordinary operation of tripping the pawl 4-1 will operate the carrying plate. This equalizing device is in the form of a lever 76 pivotedat 7 7 to the carrying plate and having its lower end flanged or bent over so as to take the place of the lower portion of the frontedge rying plate and whose power iii-applied through the medium of the tripping pawl 44. he equalizing device thus becomes a lover of the second order.

Above the pivotal point ot the equalizing device the tripping pawl acts directly upon the carrying plate, while below that point the tripping pawl acts upon the equalizing device. Thus the greatest amount of power to be delivered through the tripping pawl in operating the tilting plate is at a point approximately opposite the pivotal point of the equalizing device, while above and below said point less power is proportionately required as the' distance increases from said point.

Restoring the racks.-Each rackbar is provided with a rearward extension 79', with the upper end of which cotiperates a bar 80 mounted in arock arm arranged on a shaft 81. This shaft is operated by a rock arm 82 (see Fig. 2) whose lateral extension or pin rests upon the lower wall of a recess or slot in a plate 83. The plate 83 is mounted by a slot and pin connection upon a bar 84 and is held rearwardly by means of a spring 85 secured to ;a bent, upwardly-extending projection 86. The forward end of bar 84: is provided with a tappet 87, which tappet cooperates with a pin 880m the cam plate 56. Thus, whenever the-power shaft is rocked forward the pin strikes the cam face on the under side of the tappet, depressing the rear end of the lever or bar 8 1 (which is pivoted to the framing of the machine at 84, see Fig. 6), which causes the rear end of said lever to be de pressed; and on account of the fiat bottom face of the tappet 87 the rear end of the lever 84 is held depressed for a brief eriod of time, this pause in the operation 0 lever 84 being necessary to enable the shoulders of the carrying plates .to move under the bar 71.

By referring to Fig. 5 it will be observed that the position of the parts is such that if .the power shaft were operated and the bar 84 rocked, the rack-restoring bar 80 would not be vibrated but would rest idly on the projections 79, thus permitting the handle to make repeated operations without restoring any ofthedisplaced racks or other associate parts. This feature is necessary in the present machineon account of the relation. between the totalizer wheels and the racks, to wit, that of normal engagement. To restore the racks during such engagement would result in reversely rotatingthe meshed totalizer wheel one tooth; or, should the said wheel-be with its zero stop against the tripping pawl 44, the breakage of some of the parts would result. The u per wall of the slot in the rear end of p ate 83 is therefore cut away sothat when the handle is pulled and no digit keys-have been de pressed the razcks will not bez restored. he

Means. or iaengaging an engaging t totalizer ialwelaand racka-The totalizer wheels, being-mounted upon stud. shafts on the ;type.ca.rriers, arson bodilyznowable BEST AVAILABLE CQP\ connected thereto by a slot and pin connection of such character that the carrying plate is permitted to be tilted rearwardly independently of the rack bar, moving about the bar 70 as its axis, until its shoulder 75 passes from under the bar 71, in which event a spring 76 connected to the rack bar raises said rack bar and its tilted carrying plate a distance ,equal to one tooth. The carrying plate is of course tilted by the tripping projection on the next adjacent totalizer wheel of lower order, which tripping projection effects the carrying in passing from 9 to 0 (note left-hand side Fig. 17).

The tripping pawl 14 is the medium through which the tripping projection on the next adjacent wheel or lower order acts in tilting the carrying plate and permitting it and the rack .to rise in carrying. The tripping pawl l l may operate upon theforward face of the carrying plate at any point throughout the travel of said tripping pawl along said face. Should the tripping pawl be near the upper end ofthe carrying plate when it is operated by the tripping projection on the next adjacent wheel of lower order, it is obvious that but little power .is required to tiltthe carrying plate. It the tripping pawl is operated when in its home or near its home position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, its relation to .the pivot rod 70 on which the tilting plates move is such that considerable more power would be required to operate the plate under such circumstances than was required when the tripping pawl was near the upper end of the plate, as above explained. I have provided means to obviate the necessity for this disproportioned power, which means is in the form of an equalizer whereby the ordinary operation, of tripping the pawl 44 will operate the carrying plate. This equalizing device is in the form of a lever 7 (3 pivotedat 77 to the carrying plate and having its lower end flanged or bent over so as to take the place of the lower portion of the front'edge of the-carrying plate, which is cutaway at this point to accommodate the equalizing device. The upper end of the equalizing device cooperates with a pin .78 of the slot andpin connection between "the carrying plate and the-rack; said pin being fixed in the rack and passing through a horizontally disposed slot in the carrying plate. In this manner the pin 78 forms a fulcrum for the equalizing'lever 77 whose" weight is the'carrying plate and whose power' isapplied through the medium of the tripping pawl 44. he equalizing device thus becomes ,a lever of the second order.

Above the pivotal point of the equalizing device the tripping pawl acts directly upon the carrying plate, while below that point the tripping pawl acts upon the equalizing device. Thus the greatest amount of power to be delivered through the tripping pawl in operating the tilting plate is at a point approximately opposite the pivotal point of the equalizing device, while above and below said point less power is proportionately required as the' distance increases from said point.

Restoring the raclss.Each rackbar is provided with a rearward extension 79, with the upper end of which cotiperates a bar 80 mounted in a rock arm arranged on a shaft 81. This shaft is operated by a rock arm 82 (see Fig. 2) whose lateral extension or pin rests upon the lower wall of arecess or slot in a plate 83. The plate 83 is mounted by a slot and pin connection upon a bar 84 and is held rearwardly by means of a spring 85 secured to ,a bent, upwardly-extending projection 86. The forward end of bar 84 is provided with a tappet 87, which tappet cooperates with a pin 88'on the cam plate 56. Thus, whenever the-power shaft is rocked forward the pin strikes the cam face on the under side of the tappet, depressing the rear end of the lever or bar 8% (which is pivoted to the framing of the machine at 84;, see Fig. 6), which causes the rear end of said lever to be depressed; and on account of the flat bottom face of the tappet 87 the rear end of the lever 84 is held depressed for a brief eriod of time, this pause in the operation 0 lever 84 being-necessary to enable the shoulders of the carrying plates ,to move under the bar 71.

By referring to Fig. 5 it will be observed that the position of the parts is such that if .the power shaft were operated and the bar 84 rocked, the rack-restoring bar 80 would not be vibrated but would rest idly on the projections 79, thus permitting the handle to make repeated operations without restoring any of thedisplaced racks or other associate parts. This feature is necessary in the present machine on account of the relation. between the totalizer wheels and the racks, to wit, that of normal engagement. To restore the racks during such engagementwould result in reversely rotatingthe meshed totalizer wheel one tooth; or, shouldthe said wheel be with its zero stop against the tripping pawl 44, the breakage of some of the parts would result. Y The upper wall of the slot in the rear end of p ate 83 is therefore cut away so that when the handle is pulled and no digit keyshave been depressed the rizicks will not btzi restored. he llfeana or iaen a i an mg i t totalizer 0118618 a d r b ck. s.The to t1izer wheels, being mounted u n studshafts on r the type carriers, are on y bodily. monable BEST AVAILABLE COP".

is operated, and as the restoring mechanism for the racks has been placed under control of the power shaft by the operation of a key, the initial movement of said power shaft, when the handle first starts on its forward movement, will restore all of the racks and carrying plates to their normal position, while the racks and tot-alizer wheels are disengaged.

10 The total 7cey.104 indicates a total key in the form of a bell crank lever and having an appropriately designating head on its outer end, to the inner end of which is connected a link 106, said link carrying a detaining pawl 107, which, when the total key is depressed, is designed to drop in front of one of the cross bars 108 of the machine to hold the total key in its depressed position. The rear end of link 106 is provided with a zo lateral extension 108 operating in a slot in the bar 93. In this'way the bar 93 can slide in its ways without disturbing the total key. \Vhen the total key is depressed the extension 108 moves forwardly against the front wall of the slot and holds the bar 93 forward, and consequently the frame 23 forward, so that the racks are in engagement with the totalizer wheels during the forward .stroke' of the handle. The forward stroke of. the handle causes the totalizer wheels in mesh with the racks to re-' versely rotate until arrested in their zero position determined by the tripping pawls 44, in which zero position the printing type indicating the proper total are in printing line. It is obvious that all of the. type carriers must be relefised in taking a total, and

' this is done by means of a rod 109 connecting the bell crank lever 104 with a lever 110 40 arranged in front of the latch plate 37. When the total key is depressed the latch plate 37 is moved rearwardly out of the paths of the stop shoulders 36 of the type carriers. Thus all of the type carriers whose totalizer wheels are in other than zero position are permitted to rise. When the total key is released at the extremity of the forward movement of the handle, the spring behind the latch plate forces it forwardly in 60 the paths of the'shoulder projections 36 so that when the type carriers are restored to .home position said shoulder projections lie under the latch plate. 'The means for releasing the total key is a cam face 111 on the bar 93, which cam face cooperates with a pin 112 arranged on an extension 113 rising upwardly from the detaining pawl 107 When. the total key is depressed this detaining pawl, as'stated before, is moved until it drops in front of the bar 108, and during such forward movement the pin 112 rides on topof the bar 93., and the detaining pawl is permitted to drop in front of the bar 108 on account of the notch,

see Fig. 5.

ment.

114 indicates a tappet on the forward end of the bar 93, which tappet cooperates with a pin 124 mounted nearthe rear edge of the cam plate 56. When the handle approaches its forward position the pin 1 241 strikes the tappet 114 and moves the bar' 93 forwardly, which movement causes the cam face 112 to lift the detaining pawl 107, whereupon a spring 116 connected to the extension 113 restores the link 106 and its connected parts, including the total key, to their normal position.

To clear the machine after taking a total, that is, to disengage the racks from the totalizer wheels when-the wheels stand at 3 zero, means must be provided to effect the rearward movement of the frame 23 when the handle is at its forward position in the total-taking operation. This is accomplished by means of a tappet 117, which tap- 35 pet is mounted on one of the cross arms 118 of the machine, said tappet carrying a pin 119 lying under .the latch plate 92. A forwardly extending projection of the detaining pawl 107 carries a pin 120 which is designed, when the total key is depressed, to tilt the tappet 117 and raise the latch plate 92 out of engagement with its keeper. When the latch plate is thus disengaged, the plate 93 may slide rearwardly, when the 95 pin 124 in engagement with the tappet 114 on the forward end of said plate permits it to do so, and such rearward movement of plate 93 places the cam 97 under the pin 98 and permits the spring connected to the 106 frame 23 to move said frame rearwardly.

Means are provided to retain the total in the machine, and these means consist of a tappet 121 mounted in a bracket on the cross bar 108. A spring 122 holds a tap- 1 pet normally in the position shown in Fig.

5, in which position when the total key is depressed a pin-123-to which the spring 116 is connected is in a position to rock said tappet forwardly until the pin 111 drops in the, notch in the bar 93. When the handle is pulled forward and the bar 93 moved forward by virtue of the engagement between the tappet 114 and pin 124, so as to cause the cam face 112 to lift the detain; ing pawl, such an operation, as has been,

before explained, permits the frame 23 to be rocked rearwardly and consequently the racks are disengaged from the totalizer wheels and the machine will stand clear when the handle reaches its home position. This operation, as before explained, also causes the total key to rise when the handle reaches the extremity of its forward move- 1 5 To keep the totaL in the machine and carry it forward as a sub-total, the total key is held depressed while the handle is the handle the pin 120 on the forward extension of the detaining pawl forces the tappet 117, or rather the hinged lower end 117 thereof, into the path ofmovement of 5 the pin 124 on the cam plate 56. In this position the pm 124 on the return movement of the handle will strike the'hinged portion 117i of the tappet, which is unyielding in this operation, as indicated by the arrow, Fig. 5", and depress said tappet 11.7 and with it the forward end of the detaining pawl 107. This operation lifts the rear end of the detaining pawl until the pin 112 is above the notch in the bar 93, and a pin 123, tow-hich the spring 116 is connected, is lifted above the upper end of the tappet 121. The tappet 121, by the impelling action of its spring, now moves to the position shown in Fig. 5", wherein its upper end is located under the pin 123.

When the power shaft reaches its home position and the total key is released, the springs 85 and 116 tend to raise the same by pulling the connecting'link 106 and its associate partsrearwardly. As the tappet 121 has been moved under the pin 123 the detaining pawl 107 isheld above thebar 108, and consequently will permit the return movement of the link 106 and its as- 3 sociate parts to home position, as shown in Fig. 5. In this position of the parts the frame 23 is rocked rearwardly and the racks are out of engagement with the totalizer wheels, but this disengagement only exists after the subtotal has been retained in the machine and until the handle is again operated either to introduce an item or take the total and clear the machine. Repeating an ewamp'le in the maehine. Referring to Fig. 18, it will be observed that the sweep arm 38 which carries the tappet 39 atits end to engage the block 40 on the bar 27 of the traveling carriage is mounted upon avertically movable sleeve 126 which is normally held in its elevated position by a spring- 127 arranged thereunder. The bell crank lever 128 has a bifurcated forward end engaging an annular ..groove in the sleeve 126. A rod 129 con- 5onects with the other end of said bell crank lever, said rod carrying a head 130 appropriately marked Repeat key upon its outer end in front of the vertical wall or face plate of the casing. This rod 129 is provided with a shoulder 131, which, when the repeat key is pushed in, is designed to engage. the wal] of the casing and hold said repeat key in such inner position for rev peated operations of Zthe power shaft. B0 When the repeat'key is pushed in, as shown by dottedlines in- Fig. 18, the sweep arm 38 is depressed so that the tappet 39 travels in a planei below the block 40, and consequently willnot restore the traveling carriage upon the return movement of the op- BEST AVAILABLE COP.

crating handle. Repeated operations of the power shaft will therefore successively introduce the item set up on the stop pins in the positioned carriage a number of times, in the totalizer wheels. When the desired number of operations have been performed the repeat key may be released'by being lifted, whereupon the sweep arm. returns to its normal position.

Compelling a full stroke of the hanclZe.- In Fig. 19 I have shown the rock arm 132 in which is arranged a tappet 133 designed to swing in each direction to coiiperate with the rack plate 134 mounted on the base plate of the machine. When the operating handle 58 is pulled forward the tappet 133 will ride over the rack 134, but by engaging the teeth thereof prevent return movement of the handle until said tappet has passed the rack and swung to an alining position with its carrying rack arm behind said rack, whereupon the handle will start on its return movement. Any form of full stroke mechanism may be employed.

The error hey.Referring to Figs. 1, 4 and 18, 135indicates an error'key in the form of a bell crank lever having an appro- 'priately marked head on its outer end,while 1ts inner end is connected by means of a link 136 to the short member of a bell crank lever 137 mounted on the upper end of a post 138 on which the hub of the sweep arm 38 is mounted. .A spring 139 tends to hold the arm 137 retracted and the error key in its raised position. The rear end of arm 137 lies in the path of movement of the block 40- so that if an error is discovered in an example set up on the key board, and it is desired to cancel said error and not introduce it in the totalizer, the error key can be de pressed with the result that the sweep arm 137 engages the block 40 and restores the traveling carriage to its home position retracting all of the positioned stops. After operating the error key the operator can reintroduce the exampl into the traveling carriage through the key board.

Preventing idle movement of the type carriers. In taking a total the plate 37 which successively releases the type carriers in ordinary operations of the machine is, as before described, moved rearwardly upon the depression of thetotal key so as to release all of the type carriers. When the handle is pulled forward the restoring bar 52 is lifted and the type carriers are elevated by means of the spring-impelled arms 49, reversely rotating the totalizer wheels until the tripping projection thereof comes in contact with the upper face of its coiip- 125 erating tripping pawl 44, which establishes the zero position of the totalizer wheel. When the handle reaches its forward position it trips the type hammers so as to make a printed record of the total. The initial 130 BEST AVAILABLE COP.

rearward movement of the handle, if it is not desired to keep the total in the machine and the total key rises when the handle reaches the forward limit of its movement, causes the frame 23 to rock rearwardly and disengage the racks from the totalizer wheels. When the racks are so disengaged from the totalizer Wheels the spring-impelled arms 49 would, ifnothing were present to prevent it, lift all of the type carriers whose wheels did not stand at 9 to the 9 position. This is undesirable because 'it is an unnecessary idle movement and all of the type carriers moving in unison .to the 9 position would make considerable noise and impart quite a jar to the machine. I, therefore deem it desirable to revent this unnecessary movement to the idle rack bars and do so in the following manner: 140 represents a series of pivoted racks having ratchet teeth on their forward edges (see Fig. 2) with which cotiperate lateral projec- Jtions 141 on the lifting bars 49, (see Fig.

4-). The pivoted racks 140 are normally held rearwardly and out of eng'a ement with the projections 141 by means 0 a bar 142 carried by a rock arm 143 (see Fig. 4)

on a rock shaft 144 provided with a rock arm 145 in the path of a pin 146 on the lever 63 which carries the dash pot. The rockarm or tappet 145 is so positioned rela-. tively to the pin 146 (see Fig. 2) that as the handle approaches the limit of its forward movement the pin 146 on the lever 63 will strike the rock arm or tappet 145,1'lifting the same and with it the bar 142. Bar

.142, as shown in Fig. 2, requires very little motion to release the pivoted racks 140, as said bar rests slightly against shoulders on the pivoted racks, and when lifted will enablesaid racks to move forward under the impelling action of their springs 14.0, such forward movement causing the cam faces of the pivoted racks to further lift the bar 142 away from its restraining shoulder. In this manner the pivoted racks 140 move forward just about the time that'the printin hammers are making the impression, an consequently the type carriers are in their printing position and stationary. The ratchet teeth on the pivoted racks 140 engage the project-ions 141 on the lifting arms and consequently when the handle starts on its rearward movement and disengages the racks from the totalizer wheels, the type carriers are prevented from rising. Of course when the restoring bar 52 engages the shoulder projections 36 of the type carriers, depressing the type carriers, the ratchet teeth-on the pivoted rac permit such downward movement of the type carriers,.

type carriers would rise to their 9 positlon when the handle started on its return movement in taking a total. The 9 position of the type carriers is the highest pointto which said type carriers may move and which is determined by the shoulder 36 striking the forward cross bar 24 of the rockin frame 23. There are no stop pins 25 to operated b the 9 digit key, but said key merely e ects the movement of the traveling carriage one step to the left when ever operated.

Means for prevent-ing operation of the digit keg s when the total Ice-y is depressed, preventing operation of the total key when a digit key is depressed lleferring to Fig. 5, 150 indicates a bracket-like projection secured to the frame 23 adjacent the path of travel of the plate 37. In the normal operation of the machine when the plate 37 is in the position shown in Fig. 5, the digit keys may be operated and the plate 37 may travel leftwardly with the carria e past the bracket projection 150. Upon t e operation of the first digit key, the plate 37 moves in front of the bracket project-ion 150 and conse uently should the machine stand in this position and the operator seek to operate the total key he cannot do so becauserestoring bar are apnot move said plate re'arwardly on account of the bracket projection 150. In this manner the bracket projection 150 prevents the total key from operating when any digit key has been operated and before the example is introduced into the totalizer. Of course, if the error key is operated to restore the traveling carriage and plate 37, the total key may be operated.

When the carriage is home and the total key is operated as shown in Fig. 5", plate 37 is pressed rearwardly in line with the bracket extension 150, and as the total key is lockedin its-depressed position by the detaining pawl 107 the traveling carriage is thus locked against movement durin the total-taking operation, or at least until the handle has reached its forward position. Being held rearwardly, the late 37 cannot pass the bracket extension 50, and consequentl the traveling carriage can not be mov from its-home osition, and thus the operation of the digit eys is prevented.

AVAILABLE cop struction, arrangement and combination of the severalparts of my device can be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without in the least departing from the nature and principle of my invention.

Having thus described the invention,what is clpimed as new and desired to be secured by l etters Patent is:

1. In a calculating machine, the combinationylof key-positioned stops, totalizer wheel sup whebls carried by said supports; substantially as described.

2.1 In a calculating machine, the combination of key-positioned stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, and totalizer wheels carried by said supports; substantially as described. 7

3. In a calculating machine, the combination; of key-positioned stops, totalizer' wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and-carrying devices cooperating with said totalizer wheels;

substantially as described.

4.. In a calculating machine, the combination of key-positioned stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and carrying devices coiiperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially a described.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination of stops, totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and racks cooperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially as described.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination of stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports. controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by saidsupports, and normally stationary racks cooperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially as described.

7. ,In a calculating machine, the combination of stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, to-

- talizer wheels carried by said supports, normally stationary racks cooperating with said totalgizer wheels, and carrying devices for operating said totalizer wheels through the medium of said racks; substantially as described. 8. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, totalizer' wheel supports -controlled thereby, and totalizer wheels carried by said supports; substantiallyas described. 9. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, in-

Qependently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, and totalizer wheels 'carried by said supports; substantially as described.

orts controlled thereby, and totalizer,

10. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and carrying devices cooperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially as described.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by'said supports, and carrying devices cooperating with said totalizenwh'eels; substantially as described.

12. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and racks cooperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially as described.

13. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carried by said supports, and normally stationary racks cooperating with said totalizer wheels; substantially as described.

14. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, key-positioned stops, independently movable totalizer Wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer wheels carriedby said supports, normally stationary racks' cooperating with said totalizer wheels, and carrying-devices for operating said totalizer wheels through the medium of said racks; substantially-as described.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination of a key board, a traveling carriage, stops arranged in said carriage and designed to be set in posit-ion by the keys of the key board, totalizer wheel supports controlled 105 thereby, and totalizer wheels carried by said supports;substantially as described.

16. In a calculating machine, the combi nation of a key board, a traveling carriage, stops arranged in. said carriage and designed 110 to be set in position by the keys of the key board, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, and totalizer wheels carried by said supports; substantially as described. 115

17. In a calculating machine, the combi nation of a key board, a traveling carriage, stops arranged in said carriage and designed to be set in position by the keys of the key board, tot-alizer wheel supports 0011- 18. In a calculating-machine, the combi nation of .a key board, a traveling carriage, stops arranged in said carriage and designed to be set in position by the keys of the key board, independently movable totalizer wheel supports controlled thereby, totalizer 

